Juventus F.C.
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Juventus
Full name Juventus Football Club
Nickname(s) [La] Vecchia Signora[1] (The Old Lady)
[La] Fidanzata d'Italia (The Girlfriend of Italy)
[I] bianconeri (The White-Blacks)
[Le] Zebre (The Zebras)
[La] Signora Omicidi (The Lady Killer)[2]
Founded 1 November 1897
(as Sport Club Juventus)[3]
Ground Stadio Olimpico di Torino,[4]
Turin, Italy
(Capacity: 27,994)
Chairman Jean-Claude Blanc
Manager Ciro Ferrara
League Serie A
2008-09 Serie A, 2nd
Home colours
Away colours
Third colours
Current season
Juventus Football Club (BIT: JUVE) (from Latin[5] iuventus: youth, pronounced [juˈvɛntus]), commonly referred to as Juventus and familiarly as Juve, is an Italian professional football club based in Turin, Piedmont. The club was founded in 1897 and has spent its entire history, with the exception of the 2006–07 season, in the top flight First Division (called Serie A since 1929).
Juventus is historically the most successful team of Italian football[6] and one of the most successful and recognized in the world.[6][7]. According to the International Federation of Football History and Statistics, an international organization recognized by FIFA, Juventus were Italy's best club of the 20th century and the second most successful European club in the same period.[7]
Overall, the club has won 51 official competitions, more than any other team in the country; 40 in the national First Division, which is also a record,[8] and 11 in UEFA and world competitions.[9] It is the third most successful club in Europe[10] and the sixth in the world, with the most international titles officially recognized by one of the six continental football confederations and FIFA.[11]
The club was the first Italian and Southern European side to win the UEFA Cup.[12] In 1985, Juventus, the only team in the world to have won all official international cups and championships,[13] became the first club in the history of European football to have won all three major UEFA club competitions.[14][15][16]
Juventus has the largest fan base of any Italian club,[17] and at 170 million also has one of the highest numbers of supporters world-wide (it. the tifosi).[18] The club is a founding member of the European Club Association, which was formed after the dissolution of the G-14, a collection of Europe's most elite clubs. The Torinese side is also recognized for its contribution to the Italian national team.
Since 2006 the club plays its home games at the Stadio Olimpico di Torino, while its own stadium, the Stadio delle Alpi, is undergoing long-term structural changes[4] not expected to be completed until 2011.[19]Contents [hide]
1 History
1.1 League dominance
1.2 European stage
1.3 Lippi era of success
1.4 2004–present
2 Colours, badge and nicknames
3 Stadiums
4 Supporters
5 Rivalries
6 Current squad
6.1 Out on loan
6.2 Non-playing staff
7 Presidential history
8 Managerial history
9 Honours
9.1 National titles
9.2 European titles
9.3 World-wide titles
10 Club statistics and records
11 Contribution to the Italian national team
12 Juventus Football Club as a company
12.1 Shirt sponsors and manufacturers
13 See also
14 References
15 External links
[edit]
History
Main article: History of Juventus F.C.
Historic first ever Juventus club shot, 1898
Juventus were founded as Sport Club Juventus in late 1897 by pupils from the Massimo D'Azeglio Lyceum school in Turin,[20] but were renamed as Foot-Ball Club Juventus two years later.[3] The club joined the Italian Football Championship during 1900. During this period the team wore a pink and black kit. Juventus first won the league championship in 1905 while playing at their Velodromo Umberto I ground. By this time the club colours had changed to black and white stripes, inspired by English side Notts County.[21]
There was a split at the club in 1906, after some of the staff considered moving Juve out of Turin.[3] President Alfredo Dick was unhappy with this and left with some prominent players to found FBC Torino which in turn spawned the Derby della Mole.[22] Juventus spent much of this period steadily rebuilding after the split, surviving the First World War.[21]
[edit]
League dominance
Fiat owner Edoardo Agnelli gained control of the club in 1923, and built a new stadium.[3] This helped the club to its second scudetto (league championship) in the 1925–26 season beating Alba Roma with an aggregate score of 12–1, Antonio Vojak's goals were essential that season.[21] The 1930s proved to be even more fruitful, the club won five consecutive league titles from 1930 through to 1935, most were under coach Carlo Carcano[21] with star players such as Raimundo Orsi, Luigi Bertolini, Giovanni Ferrari and Luis Monti amongst others.
Juventus moved to the Stadio Comunale, but for the rest of the 1930s and the majority of the 1940s they were unable to recapture championship dominance.
Sivori, Charles and Boniperti
After the Second World War, Gianni Agnelli was appointed honorary president.[3] The club added two more league championships to its name in the 1949–50 and 1951–52 seasons, the latter of which was under the management of Englishman Jesse Carver.
Two new strikers were signed during 1957–58; Welshman John Charles and Italo-Argentine Omar Sivori, playing alongside longtime member Giampiero Boniperti. That season saw Juventus awarded with the Golden Star for Sport Excellence to wear on their shirts after becoming the first Italian side to win ten league titles. In the same season, Omar Sivori became the first ever player at the club to win the European Footballer of the Year.[23] The following season they beat Fiorentina to complete their first league and cup double, winning Serie A and Coppa Italia. Boniperti retired in 1961 as the all-time top scorer at the club, with 182 goals in all competitions, a club record which stood for 45 years.[24]
During the rest of the decade the club won the league just once more in 1966–67,[21] However, the 1970s saw Juventus further solidify their strong position in Italian football. Under former player Čestmír Vycpálek they won the scudetto in 1971–72 and 1972–73,[21] with players such as Roberto Bettega, Franco Causio and José Altafini breaking through. During the rest of the decade they won the league twice more, with defender Gaetano Scirea contributing significantly. The later win was under Giovanni Trapattoni, who helped the club's domination continue on into the early part of the 1980s.[25]
[edit]
European stage
Michel Platini holding the Ballon d'Or in bianconeri colours
The Trapattoni-era was highly successful in the 1980s; the club started the decade off well, winning the league title three more times by 1984.[21] This meant Juventus had won 20 Italian league titles and were allowed to add a second golden star to their shirt, thus becoming the only Italian club to achieve this.[25] Around this time the club's players were attracting considerable attention; Paolo Rossi was named European Footballer of the Year following his contribution to Italy's victory in the 1982 FIFA World Cup, where he was named player of the tournament.[26]
Frenchman Michel Platini was also awarded the European Footballer of the Year title for three years in a row; 1983, 1984 and 1985, which is a record.[23] Juventus are the only club to have players from their club winning the award in four consecutive years.[23] Indeed it was Platini who scored the winning goal in the 1985 European Cup final against Liverpool, however this was marred by a tragedy which changed European football. The Heysel Stadium disaster, in which 39 people (mostly Juventus fans) were killed when a stadium wall collapsed, has been called by UEFA Chief Executive Lars-Christer Olsson in 2004, "the darkest hour in the history of the UEFA competitions",[27] and resulted in the banning of all English clubs from European competition.
With the exception of winning the closely contested Italian Championship of 1985–86, the rest of the 1980s were not very successful for the club. As well as having to contend with Diego Maradona's Napoli, both of the Milanese clubs, Milan and Internazionale, won Italian championships.[21] In 1990, Juventus moved into their new home, the Stadio delle Alpi, which was built for the 1990 World Cup.[28]
[edit]
Lippi era of success
Juventus record breaker Alessandro Del Piero
Marcello Lippi took over as Juventus manager at the start of the 1994–95 campaign.[3] His first season at the helm of the club was a successful one, as Juventus recorded their first Serie A championship title since the mid-1980s.[21] The crop of players during this period featured Ciro Ferrara, Roberto Baggio, Gianluca Vialli and a young Alessandro Del Piero. Lippi lead Juventus to the Champions League the following season, beating Ajax on penalties after a 1–1 draw in which Fabrizio Ravanelli scored for Juve.[29]
The club did not rest long after winning the European Cup, more highly regarded players were brought into the fold in the form of Zinédine Zidane, Filippo Inzaghi and Edgar Davids. At home Juventus won Serie A in 1996–97 and 1997–98, as well as the 1996 UEFA Super Cup[30] and the 1996 UEFA / CSF Intercontinental Cup.[31] Juventus reached the 1997 and 1998 Champions League finals during this period, but lost out to Borussia Dortmund and Real Madrid respectively.[32][33]
After a season's absence Lippi returned, signing big name players such as Gianluigi Buffon, David Trézéguet, Pavel Nedvěd and Lilian Thuram, helping the team to two more scudetto titles in the 2001–02 and 2002–03 seasons.[21] Juventus were also part of an all Italian Champions League final in 2003 but lost out to Milan on penalties after the game ended in a 0–0 draw. The following year, Lippi was appointed as Italy's head coach, bringing an end to one of the most fruitful managerial spells in Juventus' history.[25]
[edit]
2004–present
Fabio Capello became coach of Juventus in 2004, and led Juventus to two more Serie A titles. However, in May 2006, Juventus became one of the five clubs linked to a Serie A match fixing scandal, the result of the which saw the club relegated to Serie B for the first time in its history. The club was also stripped of the two titles won under Capello in 2005 and 2006.[34]
Many key players left following the demotion to Serie B, including Thuram, star striker Zlatan Ibrahimović and defensive stalwart Fabio Cannavaro. However, other big name players remained to help the club return to Serie A. The bianconeri were promoted straight back up as league winners after the 2006–07 season. Since their return to Serie A in the 2007-08 season former Chelsea manager Claudio Ranieri managed Juventus for two seasons.[35] They finished in 3rd place in their first return season (2007–08) and qualified for the third qualifying round of the 2008–09 Champions League Preliminary stages. They qualified to the group stages,and did very well, beating Real Madrid in both home and away legs, but lost in the knockout round to Chelsea. Claudio Ranieri was sacked following a string of unsuccessful results, and Ciro Ferrara was appointed as the coach for the last two games of the season.[36] Ferrara was subsequently appointed as the coach for the 2009–10 season.[37]
[edit]
Colours, badge and nicknames
Juventus' original home colors
Juventus have played in black and white striped shirts, with white shorts, sometimes black shorts since 1903. Originally, they played in pink shirts with a black tie, but only because they had been sent the wrong shirts. The father of one of the players made the earliest shirts, but continual washing faded the colour so much that in 1903 the club sought to replace them.[38]
Juventus asked one of their team members, Englishman John Savage, if he had any contacts in England who could supply new shirts in a color that would better withstand the elements. He had a friend who lived in Nottingham, who being a Notts County supporter, shipped out the black and white striped shirts to Turin.[38] Juve have worn the shirts ever since, considering the colors to be aggressive and powerful.[38]
Juventus Football Club's official emblem has undergone different and small modifications since the second decade of the twentieth century. The last modification of the Old Lady's badge took place before 2004–05 season. At the present time, the emblem of the team is a black-and-white oval shield of a type used by Italian ecclesiastics. It is divided in five vertical stripes: two white stripes and three black stripes, inside which are the following elements; in its upper section, the name of the society superimposed on a white convex section, over golden curvature (gold for honour). The white silhouette of a charging bull is in the lower section of the oval shield, superimposed on a black old French shield; the charging bull is a symbol of the Comune di Torino.
Juventus F.C. crest in 2004
There is also a black silhouette of a mural crown above the black spherical triangle's base is a reminiscence to Augusta Tourinorum, the old city of the Roman era which the present capital of Piedmont region is its cultural heiress.
In the past, the convex section of the emblem had a blue color (another symbol of Turin) and, furthermore, its shape was concave. The old French shield and the mural crown, also in the lower section of the emblem, had a considerably greater size with respect to the present. The two Golden Stars for Sport Excellence were located above the convex and concave section of Juventus' emblem. During the 1980s, the club emblem was the silhouette of a zebra, to both sides of the equide's head, the two golden stars and, above this badge, forming an arc, the club's name.
During its history, the club has acquired a number of nicknames, la Vecchia Signora[1] (the Old Lady) being the best example. The "old" part of the nickname is a pun on Juventus which means "youth" in Latin.[5] It was derived from the age of the Juventus star players towards the middle of 1930s. The "lady" part of the nickname is how fans of the club affectionately referred to it before the 1930s. The club is also nicknamed la Fidanzata d'Italia (the Girlfriend of Italy), because over the years it has received a high level of support from Southern Italian immigrant workers (particularly from Naples and Palermo), who arrived in Turin to work for FIAT since the 1930s. Other nicknames include; i bianconeri (the black-and-whites) and le zebre (the zebras[39]) in reference to Juventus' colors.
[edit]
Stadiums
For more details on this topic, see Stadio Olimpico di Torino, Stadio Delle Alpi, Stadio di Corso Marsiglia and Stadio Motovelodromo Umberto I.
For information on Juventus' proposed new stadium, see Juventus Arena.
Stadio Olimpico di Torino, home ground from 1933 to 1990
After the first two years (1897 and 1898), during which Juventus played in the Parco del Valentino and Parco Cittadella, their matches were held in the Piazza d'Armi Stadium until 1908, except in 1905, the first year of the scudetto, and in 1906, years in which it played quickly Corso Re Umberto.
From 1909 to 1922, Juventus played their internal competitions at Corso Sebastopoli Camp, and before moving the following year to Corso Marsiglia Camp where they remained until 1933, winning four league titles. At the end of 1933 they began to play at the new Stadio Mussolini stadium inaugurated for the 1934 World Championships. After the Second World War, the stadium was renamed as Stadio Comunale Vittorio Pozzo. Juventus played home matches at the ground for 57 years, a total of 890 league matches.[40] The team continued to host training sessions at the stadium until July 2003.[41]
Stadio Delle Alpi, Juventus' home stadium since 1990
From 1990 until the 2005–06 season, the Torinese side contested their home matches at Stadio Delle Alpi, built for the World Cup Italy 1990, although in very rare circumstances, the club played some home games in other stadia such as Renzo Barbera at Palermo, Dino Manuzzi at Cesena and the Stadio Giuseppe Meazza at Milan.[41]
In August 2006, the bianconeri returned to play in the Stadio Comunale, now known as Stadio Olimpico, after the restructuring of Stadio Delle Alpi from the Winter Olympic Games onwards.
In November 2008 Juventus announced that they will invest around €100 million to build a new stadium on the site of the old Delle Alpi ground. Unlike the Delle Alpi there will not be a running track, instead the pitch will be only 8.5 meters away from the stands. The planned capacity is 41,000. Work began during spring 2009 and is scheduled for completion in time for the start of the 2011–12 season.[42]
[edit]
Supporters
For more details on this topic, see Derby della Mole, Derby d'Italia and Juventus Ultras.
Juventus supporters during a match
Juventus is the best supported football club in Italy, with over 12 million fans,[18] (32.5% of Italian football fans), according to research published in August 2008 by Italian newspaper La Repubblica,[17] and one of the most supported football clubs in the world, with 170 million supporters[18] (43 million in Europe alone),[18] particularly in the Mediterranean countries, to which a large number of Italian diaspora have emigrated.[43] The Torinese side has fan clubs branches across the globe.[44]
Demand for Juventus tickets in occasional home games held away from Turin is high; suggesting that Juventus have stronger support in other parts of the country. Juve is widely and especially popular throughout mainland Southern Italy and Sicily, leading the team to have one of the largest followings in its away matches,[45] more than in Turin itself.
[edit]
Rivalries
Juventus has significant rivalries with three clubs. The first is with local club Torino, against whom Juve compete in the Derby della Mole (Derby of Torino) in a rivalry dating back to 1906, when Torino was founded by former Juve members. The other most significant rivalry is with Internazionale; matches between Juventus and Inter are referred to as the Derby d'Italia (Derby of Italy).[46] Up until the 2006 Serie A match-fixing scandal, which saw Juventus relegated, the two were the only Italian clubs to have never played below Serie A. Notably the two sides are the first and the second most supported clubs in Italy and the rivalry has intensified since the later part of the 1990s; reaching its highest levels ever post-Calciopoli, with the return of Juventus to Serie A.[46] They also have rivalries with Milan,[47] Roma[48] and Fiorentina.[49]
